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(Chapter I : Lao Tzu's Influence on Taoism and Confucianism)
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About Tao(Dao)
INTRODUCTION
A tip about the origination of the word "Tao"(Dao):
The Chinese word "Tao" originated from the combination of "walk"(actions) and "head"(thought). It literarily means, more than just lu(road), a right path which leads to some significant destination. The translation "the Way" is not necessarily the best there is, yet it is insufficient to convey its original connotations in both the ordinary Chinese use and its use in Lao Tzu. Perhaps in ancient innocent times people customarily went through motions without using their own heads. Tao was introduced to denote instructed actions resulted from leaders'
intelligent decisions.
In the past two thousand years, many interpreters, inside and outside China, had failed because the language of Lao Tzu(aka Tao Te Ching) is very archaic and difficult. Complicating the problem is that they misunderstood Lao Tzu as a great poet or religious founder. Contrary to their belief Lao Tzu was neither. He was in realistic terms a great philosopher. His philosophy illustrates his greatness as a human being as well.
His thought embodies a framework with its own logical structure. In addition, he was the outstanding scholar of classics of his time(the sixth century BC), that included most celebrated I Ching system. Others would not have such direct access like him--a leading court intellectual.
Chuang Tzu was the second greatest thinker about Tao, though he was also a great man of letters.
Only part of the book Chuang Tzu莊子 contains the writing of Chuang Tzu himself. The rest was interpolated by posterity. In the future, the real Chuang Tzu's thought--Taoism--will also be expounded at this site.
Confucius孔子 did have visited Lao Tzu and recived many good advice from him. They were both of aristocratic Yin ethnic origin! Copnfucius' affinity with Lao Tzu was just as strong as that of Chuang Tzu. One can discover it through comparing their thoughts in depth.
The great military thinker of the sixth century B.C. Sun Tzu the author of the military strategy book for his name sake孫子兵法, was said to have been taught by Lao Tzu. Their agreement on military matters pointed to some affinity between them.
After Sun Tzu the other respectable intellectual who had interpreted Lao Tzu was the outstanding the third century BC Legalist Han Fei Tzu韓非子, who wrote two books about it. These books are The Interpretation of Lao Tzu and The Illustration of Lao Tzu's Sayings.
From time to time, information about historical(not legendary) account of Lao Tzu and Chuang Tzu, as well as histories of their works will be discussed. Confucius, Sun Tzu and Han Fei Tzu will eventually be discussed.
Nevertheless, Taoism talked about or practiced after the third century B.C., i.e. after the introduction of the application of syncretism, will not be discussed here. In other words, the following lies outside the discussion of Lao Tzu's Taoism, in other words non-scientific discussions like Yin-Yang talks, Five Movement Talks, Huang-Lao Talks, Shamanism, Feng Shuei et al.
When comes to religion, only Zen(Chan) Buddhism禪宗 and Christian theology, ,particularly their ethics, bear more similarity to Lao Tzu's Taoism than religious Taoism道?.
There is so much to learn about the origin of the philosophically superior Taoism of Lao Tzu.
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Chinese Daily News(Los Angeles)
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